ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of major health issues and job stress on presenteeism among clinical nurses. METHODS: The investigator conducted a survey on 226 clinical nurses at a general hospital in Seoul from March 3 to April 15, 2017, and analyzed their responses. RESULTS: The findings showed that job stress did not have a significant effect on the nurses' presenteeism. Fatigue (t=3.55,p < .001) impacted job loss, one of the subcategories of presenteeism, with an explanatory power of 12.1%. Premenstrual syndrome (t=-2.67,p=.008) and fatigue (t=-2.46,p=.015) affected perceived productivity with an explanatory power of 23.6%. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, the study highlighted the need for effective management programs to tackle fatigue and premenstrual syndrome among clinical nurses' major health issues in order to reduce their productivity loss.
Subject(s)
Humans , Efficiency , Fatigue , Hospitals, General , Premenstrual Syndrome , Presenteeism , Research Personnel , SeoulABSTRACT
PURPOSE@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of major health issues and job stress on presenteeism among clinical nurses.@*METHODS@#The investigator conducted a survey on 226 clinical nurses at a general hospital in Seoul from March 3 to April 15, 2017, and analyzed their responses.@*RESULTS@#The findings showed that job stress did not have a significant effect on the nurses' presenteeism. Fatigue (t=3.55,p < .001) impacted job loss, one of the subcategories of presenteeism, with an explanatory power of 12.1%. Premenstrual syndrome (t=-2.67,p=.008) and fatigue (t=-2.46,p=.015) affected perceived productivity with an explanatory power of 23.6%.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on these findings, the study highlighted the need for effective management programs to tackle fatigue and premenstrual syndrome among clinical nurses' major health issues in order to reduce their productivity loss.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: False negative results obtained with the use of a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can result in down staging of tumors, whereas the use of a more elaborated pathological examination of sentinel lymph nodes might lead to upstaging of tumors. The purpose of this study was to compare results after performing only an SLNB as compared with performing conventional axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) without an SLNB in pathologically node negative (pN0) breast cancer patients. METHODS: From April 2004 to June 2007, SLNBs were performed for patients with primary breast cancer who had no clinical evidence of a lymph node metastasis. A total of 272 patients were treated with only an SLNB. During the same period, 278 patients were confirmed as pN0 after conventional ALND without an SLNB. A prospectively collected database and medical records of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS: For patients that had undergone only an SLNB, there was no local or regional recurrence. A distant metastasis developed in four patients (1.5%). In patients that had undergone ALND without an SLNB, a recurrence was found in 13 patients (4.7%). Patients that had undergone only an SLNB showed significantly better disease-free survival as compared to patients that had undergone ALND without an SLNB (p=0.032). CONCLUSION: pN0 patients treated with only an SLNB showed a significantly better outcome as compared to patients treated with conventional ALND without an SLNB. These results suggest that performing an SLNB might result in the upstaging of a subset of patients who would have been understaged by the use of conventional ALND.
Subject(s)
Humans , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Disease-Free Survival , Lymph Node Excision , Lymph Nodes , Medical Records , Neoplasm Metastasis , Nitriles , Prospective Studies , Pyrethrins , Recurrence , Sentinel Lymph Node BiopsyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has become a potential target for the prevention and treatment of human cancers. PPARgamma ligands inhibit cell proliferation of estrogen receptoralpha(ERalpha)-positive breast cancer cells. However, it has recently been shown that ERalpha-negatively inhibits PPARgamma signaling in breast cancer cells, indicating that PPARgamma ligand may be more useful for treating ERalpha-negative breast cancer cells compared to ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the role of PPARg in ERalpha-negative breast cancer cells. METHODS: The effect of PPARgamma ligand on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was measured by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis. TUNEL staining and Hoechst 33342 fluorescent staining were used to observe the effects of PPARgamma ligand on cell apoptosis. The regulatory proteins of the cell cycle were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: The treatment of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells with the PPARgamma ligand, trgoglitazone, was shown to induce inhibition of cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed a G1 arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to troglitazone. The apoptotic effect by troglitazone demonstrated that apoptotic cells were elevated from 2.5-fold of the control level at 10 mM, to 3.1-fold at 50micrometer and to 3.5-fold at 75 mM of troglitazone. Moreover, troglitazone treatment dose-dependently caused a marked decrease in the pRb, cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3, cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6 expressions and there was a significant increase in the p21 and p27 expressions. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that trgoglitazone induces cell-cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis in ERalpha-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Collectively, this paper shows that PPARgamma ligand is an important player as a member of the chemotherapeutic candidates for treating ERalpha-negative breast cancer.